In Latvia, there are still railways in existence that are or were used for the technological needs of various enterprises. One of the industries that at one time could not have existed at all without railways is the peat extraction industry. The total length of such narrow-gauge railways in Latvia in the second half of the 20th century exceeded the 400-kilometre mark. Among the many peat and peat product production facilities, the Zilākalns peat factory stood out with one of the most extensive railway networks. Now, only a small part of this railway system is used for transporting peat. A small section of the railway, meanwhile, serves entirely different purposes. What are those, and how did railway infrastructure develop in the Zilākalns neighbourhood of Valmiera municipality?