As air temperatures rise, the probability of forest fires increases. Researchers have used artificial intelligence to assess the long-term impact of forest fires on forest ecosystems. These methods show what changes might occur in Yellowstone National Park (USA) due to the impact of fires.

In many places, fire is a natural part of the environment, to which many tree species have adapted—for example, by having relatively thick bark that protects the cambium from fire, or by having specific types of cones that only open in the heat, allowing the forest stand to regenerate quickly.