Researchers at the University of Oxford have concluded that, despite Africa's vast renewable energy resources, it seems likely that by 2030, the use of fossil fuels will account for 2/3 of the continent's total energy consumption. This situation is largely expected because African nations and states lack sufficient financial and infrastructural support to decarbonise their energy systems. In this regard, the joint agreement (€7.36 billion) between South Africa, Germany, France, Great Britain, the USA, and the European Union for the support and development of South Africa's decarbonisation is highly significant.